1 Renal injury and function

*1.1 Bolignano D, Coppolino G, Campo S, Aloisi C, Nicocia G, Frisina N, Buemi M (2007) Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is associated with severity of renal disease in proteinuric patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant E-pub ahead of print.

*1.2 Hirsch R, Dent C, Pfriem H, Allen J, Beekman RH 3rd, Ma Q, Dastrala S, Bennett M, Mitsnefes M, Devarajan P (2007) HNGAL is an early predictive biomarker of contrast-induced nephropathy in children. Pediatr Nephrol Sep 14 E-pub ahead of print.

*1.3 Bachorzewska-Gajewska H, Malyszko J, Sitniewska E, Malyszko JS, Poniatowski B, Pawlak K Dobrzycki S (2007) NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) and cystatin C: Are they good predictors of contrast nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine? Int J Cardiol E-pub ahead of print.

*1.4 Wagener G, Gubitosa G, Jalbout M, Sladen R, Lee HT (2006) Aprotinin increases urinary NGAL, a marker for renal tubular injury after cardiac surgery. Anaesthesiology 105:A1732.

*1.5 Bachorzewska-Gajewska H, Malyszko J, Sitniewska E, Malyszko JS, Dobrzycki S (2007) Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) correlations with cystatin C, serum creatinine and eGFR in patients with normal serum creatinine undergoing coronary angiography. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22:295-296.

*1.6 Bolignano D, Coppolino G, Campo S, Aloisi C, Nicocia G, Frisina N, Buemi M (2007) Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. Am J Nephro 27:373-378.

*1.7 Wagener G, Gubitosa G, Borregaard N, Bangert K, Sladen R, Lee H (2006) Urinary NGAL correlates with change in serum creatinine after cardiac surgery. Intensive Care Med 32 (Suppl 1):S160.

*1.8 Bangert K, Heslet L, Ghiglione M, Uttenthal LO (2006) NGAL is significantly increased in urine and plasma in acute renal failure. Intensive Care Med 32 (Suppl. 1):S10.

*1.9 Bangert K, Rossen M, Schoidt F, Uttenthal LO (2006) Increased serum NGAL levels predict death in acetaminophen intoxicated patients. Intensive Care Med 32 (Suppl. 1):S162.

*1.10 Portal AJ, Austin M, Bruce MJ, Wendon J, Heneghan M (2006) A preliminary evaluation of a novel biomarker of renal function, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), in patients with liver disease. Hepatology 44 (Suppl. 1):451A.

*1.11 Wagener G, Jan M, Kim M, Mori K, Barasch JM, Sladen RN, Lee HT (2006) Association between increases in urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and acute renal dysfunction after adult cardiac surgery. Anaesthesiology 105:485-491.

*1.12 Brunner HI, Mueller M, Rutherford C, Passo MH, Witte D, Grom A, Mishra J, Devarajan P (2006) Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of nephritis in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 54:2577-2584.

*1.13 Bachorzewska-Gajewska H, Malyszko J, Sitniewska E, Malyszko JS, Dobrzycki S (2006) Neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and renal function after percutaneous coronary interventions. Am J Nephrol 26:287-292.

*1.14 Trachtman H, Christen E, Cnaan A, Patrick J, Mai V, Mishra J, Jain A, Bullington N, Devarajan P (2006) Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in D+HUS: a novel marker of renal injury. Pediatr Nephrol 21:989-994.

*1.15 Vera T, Henegar JR, Drummond HA, Rimoldi JM, Stec DE (2005) Protective effect of carbon monoxide-releasing compounds in ischemia-induced acute renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 131:528-535.

*1.16 Mishra J, Dent C, Tarabishi R, Mitsnefes MM, Ma Q, Kelly C, Ruff SM, Zahedi K, Shao M, Bean J, Mori K, Barasch J, Devarajan P (2005) Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker for acute renal injury after cardiac surgery. Lancet 65:1231-1238.

*1.17 Tong Z, Wu X, Ovcharenko D, Zhu J, Chen CS, Kehrer JP (2005) Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin as a survival factor. Biochem J 391:441-448.

*1.18 Mori K, Lee HT, Rapoport D, Drexler IR, Foster K, Yang J, Schmidt-Ott KM, Chen X, Li JY, Weiss S, Mishra J, Cheema FH, Markowitz G, Suganami T, Sawai K, Mukoyama M, Kunis C, D’Agati V, Devarajan P, Barasch J (2005) Endocytic delivery of lipocalin- siderophoreiron complex rescues the kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Clin Invest 115:610-621.

*1.19 Mishra J, Mori K, Ma Q, Kelly C, Barasch J, Devarajan P (2004) Neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin: a novel early urinary biomarker for cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Am J Nephrol 24:307-315.

1.20 Mishra J, Ma Q, Prada A, Mitsnefes M, Zahedi K, Yang J, Barasch J, Devarajan P (2003) Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel early urinary biomarker for ischemic renal injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 14:2534-2543.

1.21 Ding H, He Y, Li K, Yang J, Li X, Lu R, Gao W (2007) Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an early biomarker for renal tubulointerstitial injury in IgA nephropathy. Clin Immunol 123: 227–234.

2 Chronic kidney disease

*2.1 Mitsnefes MM, Kathman TS, Mishra J, Kartal J, Khoury PR, Nickolas TL, Barasch J, Devarajan P (2007) Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 22:101-108.

3 Transplantation
*3.1 Schaub S, Mayr M, Hönger G, Bestland J, Steiger J, Regeniter A, Mihatsch MJ, Wilkins JA, Rush D and Nickerson P (2007) Detection of Subclinical Tubular Injury After Renal Transplantation: Comparison of Urine Protein Analysis With Allograft Histopathology. Transplantation 84(1):104-12.

*3.2 Parikh CR, Thissen-Philbrook H, Mishra J, Jani A, Ma Q, Kelly C, Barasch J, Edelstein C, Devarajan P (2006) Urine NGAL and IL-18 are novel predictive biomarkers for delayed graft function. Transplantation 15(1 Suppl. 2):201.

*3.3 Junge G, Schewior LV, Kohler S, Pratschke J, Neuhaus P, Langrehr JM (2006) Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (ngal) in brain-dead kidney donors indicates post transplant graft function. Transplantation 15(1 Suppl. 2):787.

*3.4 Parikh CR, Jani A, Mishra J, Ma Q, Kelly C, Barasch J, Edelstein CL, Devarajan P (2006) Urine NGAL and IL-18 are predictive biomarkers for delayed graft function following kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 6:1639-1645.

3.5 Mishra J, Ma Q, Kelly C, Mitsnefes M, Devarajan P (2006) Kidney NGAL is a novel early marker of acute injury following transplantation. Pediatr Nephrol 21:856-863.

4 Cancer

*4.1 Lim R, Ahmed N, Borregaard N, Riley C, Wafai R, Thompson E W, Quinn M A, Rice G E (2007) Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) an early-screening biomarker for ovarian cancer: NGAL is associated with epidermal growth factor-induced epithelio-mesenchymal transition. Int J Cancer: 120:2426–2434

*4.2 Laurell H, Bouisson M, Berthelemy P, Rochaix P, Dejean S, Besse P, Susini C, Pradayrol L, Vaysse N, Buscail L (2006) Identification of biomarkers of human pancreatic adenocarcinomas by expression profiling and validation with gene expression analysis in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration samples. World J Gastroenterol 12:3344-3351.

4.3 Fernandez CA, Yan L, Louis G, Yang J, Kutok JL, Moses MA (2005) The matrix metalloproteinase-9/neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin complex plays a role in breast tumor growth and is present in the urine of breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 11:5390-5395.

4.4 Zhang H, Xu L, Xiao D, Xie J, Zeng H, Wang Z, Zhang X, Niu Y, Shen Z, Shen J, Wu X, Li E (2007) Upregulation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: significant correlation with cell differentiation and tumour invasion. J Clin Pathol 60:555-561.

5 Inflammation and infection

*5.1 Cowland JB, Muta T, Borregaard N (2006) IL-1Beta-Specific Up-Regulation of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Is Controlled by IkappaB-Zetha J Immunol 176: 5559-5566.

5.2 Goetz DH, Holmes MA, Borregaard N, Bluhm ME, Raymond KN, Strong RK (2002) The neutrophil lipocalin NGAL is a bacteriostatic agent that interferes with siderophoremediated iron acquisition. Mol Cell 10:1033-1043.

5.3 Xu SY, Pauksen K, Venge P (1995) Serum measurements of human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) discriminate between acute bacterial and viral infections. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 55:125-131.

6 Background and reviews

6.1 Devarajan P (2007) Emerging biomarkers of acute kidney injury. Contrib Nephrol.156:203-212.

6.2 Mori K & Nakao K (2007) Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as the real-time indicator of active kidney damage. Kidney Int 71:967–970.

6.3 Schmidt-Ott KM, Mori K, Kalandadze A, Li JY, Paragas N, Nicholas T, Devarajan P, Barasch (2006) Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-mediated iron traffic in kidney epithelia. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 15:442-449.

6.4 Cowland JB, Borregaard N (1997) Molecular characterization and pattern of tissue expression of the gene for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin from humans. Genomics 45:17-23.

*6.5 Kjeldsen L, Koch C, Arnljots K, Borregaard N (1996) Characterization of two ELISAs for NGAL, a newly described lipocalin in human neutrophils. J Immunol Methods 198:155- 164.

6.6 Kjeldsen L, Johnsen AH, Sengelov H, Borregaard N (1993) Isolation and primary structure of NGAL, a novel protein associated with human neutrophil gelatinase. J Biol Chem 268:10425-10432.